​have sb.do、 have sb doing和have sth.done用法辨析

have sb.do、 have sb doing和have sth.done用法辨析

have sb.do 作”使某人做某事”解，have 后作宾语补足的不定式通常不带 to。

have sb./sth.doing 与 have sb.do 的意思大致相同，只是现在分词作宾补强调动作在进行，而不定式作宾补只表示发生了某件事。“ have +sb. / sth. （宾语）+ 现在分词（宾语补足语）”意为“叫 / 让 / 使某人做某事或让某种情况发生”。宾语 sb./sth .后面用现在分词作宾语补足语，表示宾语与现在分词表示的动作之间为主动关系，且动作正在进行。

试比较下面两个句子：

The boss had his workers working all day long。那老板让工人们整天(不停地)干活。

The boss had his workers work fourteen hours a day。那老板让工人们一天干14小时的活。

I'll have someone repair the bike for you.

我会让人为你修理自行车的。

Tom has Jine clean the blackbord.

Tom Tom has us being relax during the exams.

Tom 让我们在考试中保持放松状态。让 Jine擦干净了黑板。

If you happen to talk to him, have him call me

如果你碰巧能和他说话，让他给我打个电话。

在 have sb doing 结构中，have 如被否定，往往作“允许”、“容忍”解。

如：I won’t have you saying such things。我不允许你讲这样的话。

Don't have the dog barking much，Lilin. 李林，别让狗狂吠不停。

have sth.done 作“(有意识地)让别人替自己做某事”解，过去分词表示的动作由别人完成，宾语是过去分词所表示地动作的承受者。还可表达无意识的被动行为，have 作“受到、遭受”解。

如：I had my pen stolen。我的钢笔被人偷了。

Mary had her eyes closed

玛丽双目紧闭。

I had your rooms cleaned and aired

我请人打扫了你的房间并通了风。

We had our money stolen

我们的钱被偷了。

知识拓展：

表示让某人做某事还有以下的组合：

Badger sb(with/for sth);badger sb(into doing sth);pester sb nag sb persistently纠缠某人烦扰某人

Persuade sb to do/not to do sth说服某人做[不做]某事

Bamboozle sb into (doing)sth; trick sb into(doing)sth哄骗某人做某事

Ban sb(from sth/from doing sth);officially forbid sb(to do sth)明令禁止某人(做某事)

Empower sb. to do sth授权某人做某事

Do sth. at sb.'s desire应某人要求做某事

exhort sb.to do sth.劝某人做某事

Fool sb. into doing sth骗某人作某事

Encourage sb. to do sth鼓励某人(做某事)

Induce sb. to do sth劝导某人做某事